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Schedule refinement for homogeneousmulti-core processors in the presence of manufacturing-caused heterogeneity

Zhi-xiang CHEN,Zhao-lin LI,Shan CAO,Fang WANG,Jie ZHOU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第12期页码 1018-1033 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500035

摘要： Multi-core homogeneous processors have been widely used to deal with computation-intensive embedded applications. However, with the continuous down scaling of CMOS technology, within-die variations in the manufacturing process lead to a significant spread in the operating speeds of cores within homogeneous multi-core processors. Task scheduling approaches, which do not consider such heterogeneity caused by within-die variations, can lead to an overly pessimistic result in terms of performance. To realize an optimal performance according to the actual maximum clock frequencies at which cores can run, we present a heterogeneity-aware schedule refining (HASR) scheme by fully exploiting the heterogeneities of homogeneous multi-core processors in embedded domains. We analyze and show how the actual maximum frequencies of cores are used to guide the scheduling. In the scheme, representative chip operating points are selected and the corresponding optimal schedules are generated as candidate schedules. During the booting of each chip, according to the actual maximum clock frequencies of cores, one of the candidate schedules is bound to the chip to maximize the performance. A set of applications are designed to evaluate the proposed scheme. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can improve the performance by an average value of 22.2%, compared with the baseline schedule based on the worst case timing analysis. Compared with the conventional task scheduling approach based on the actual maximum clock frequencies, the proposed scheme also improves the performance by up to 12%.

关键词： Schedule refining Multi-core processor Heterogeneity Representative chip operating point

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Mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts for oil refining and natural gas conversion

Jie ZHU, Xiangju MENG, Fengshou XIAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 233-248 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1329-2

摘要： Zeolites have been regarded as one of the most important catalysts in petrochemical industry due to their excellent catalytic performance. However, the sole micropores in zeolites severely limit their applications in oil refining and natural gas conversion. To solve the problem, mesoporous zeolites have been prepared by introducing mesopores into the zeolite crystals in recent years, and thus have the advantages of both mesostructured materials (fast diffusion and accessible for bulky molecules) and microporous zeolite crystals (strong acidity and high hydrothermal stability). In this review, after giving a brief introduction to preparation, structure, and characterization of mesoporous zeolites, we systematically summarize catalytic applications of these mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts in oil refining and natural gas conversion including catalytic cracking of heavy oil, alkylation, isomerization, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, methane dehydroaromatization, methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether, methanol to olefins, and methanol to hydrocarbons.

关键词： mesoporous zeolite catalysis oil refining natural gas conversion

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LSSVM-based approach for refining soil failure criteria and calculating safety factor of slopes

Shiguo XIAO; Shaohong LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第7期页码 871-881 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0863-8

摘要： The failure criteria of practical soil mass are very complex, and have significant influence on the safety factor of slope stability. The Coulomb strength criterion and the power-law failure criterion are classically simplified. Each one has limited applicability owing to the noticeable difference between calculated predictions and actual results in some cases. In the work reported here, an analysis method based on the least square support vector machine (LSSVM), a machine learning model, is purposefully provided to establish a complex nonlinear failure criterion via iteration computation based on strength test data of the soil, which is of more extensive applicability to many problems of slope stability. In particular, three evaluation indexes including coefficient of determination, mean absolute percentage error, and mean square error indicate that fitting precision of the machine learning-based failure criterion is better than those of the linear Coulomb criterion and nonlinear power-law criterion. Based on the proposed LSSVM approach to determine the failure criterion, the limit equilibrium method can be used to calculate the safety factor of three-dimensional slope stability. Analysis of results of the safety factor of two three-dimensional homogeneous slopes shows that the maximum relative errors between the proposed approach and the linear failure criterion-based method and the power-law failure criterion-based method are about 12% and 7%, respectively.

关键词： slope stability safety factor failure criterion least square support vector machine

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The origins of schedule management: the concepts used in planning, allocating, visualizing and managing

Lynda M. BOURNE, Patrick WEAVER

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第2期页码 150-166 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018012

摘要： Getting the in the at the has always been a major organizational challenge. In ancient times this process seems to have been accomplished based on the scheme of arrangements being contained in the leader’s mind and instructions communicated verbally. Modern approaches to solving the twin challenges of first thinking through the ‘plan’ and then communicating the plan to the people who need to do ‘ ’ use sophisticated graphics, charts, diagrams, and computations. This paper traces the development of the concepts most project managers take for granted including bar charts and critical path schedules from their origins (which are far earlier than most people think) through to the modern day. The first section of the paper looks at the development of concepts that allow the visualization of time and other data. The second looks at the shift from static representations to dynamic modeling through the emergence of computers, dynamic calculations and integrated data from the 1950s to the present time.

关键词： time management scheduling CPM PERT Gantt Critical Path bar chart

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提高科技创新实力实现我国炼油工业的持续发展

侯芙生

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第3期页码 6-14

摘要：

指出21世纪我国炼油工业要持续发展，国际竞争能力要大力提高，涉及到的原油资源战略、现代化企业管理、行业体制和机制、企业结构调整、人才机制以及科技创新等多方面问题。并就产品质量、深度加工、油化一体化、信息技术和运输燃料替代技术，以及如何提高科技创新力度、加强科技开发等技术发展战略，提出了一些对策和建议。

关键词：炼油工业科技创新持续发展

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Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals

David T. Allen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 293-304 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1660-0

摘要： In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies (the Texas Air Quality Studies or TexAQS I and II) were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. The Texas Air Quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Understanding and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. These coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. The lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

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Schedule Compression Impact on Construction Project Safety

Curt Webb,Lu Gao,Ling-guang Song

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 344-350 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015059

摘要： Many construction projects are met with stringent timelines or the threat of exorbitant liquidated damages. In addition, construction schedulers are frequently forced to incorporate aggressive schedule compression techniques. As already discussed by previous researchers, these schedule compression techniques have direct impacts on project productivity and quality defects. Researchers have also pointed out that schedule compression will affect safety incidents such as Occupational Safety & Health Administration recordable injuries and near misses over long project durations. However, most of the existing studies treated safety as a subcategory of project productivity and project quality, and minimal research has been done to directly quantify the effect of schedule compression on safety at the project level. Therefore, in this research, we conducted a survey and statistical analysis to investigate the relationship between schedule compression and safety in construction projects. We interviewed various members of the Houston construction community from both industrial and non-industrial roles. Statistical analysis was used to identify factors that have significant impacts on the occurrence of safety incidents at an industry specific level.

关键词： construction safety schedule compression overtime work shift Hurdle model

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Detection of schedule delay risk of empirical construction projects

Tsegay GEBREHIWET, Hanbin LUO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第2期页码 251-267 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018086

摘要： In Ethiopian construction projects, schedule delay risk is a predominant issue because it is not properly addressed. Although several studies have been focused on the various effects of risk in construction projects, limited efforts have been made to investigate the typical and the overall schedule delay risk. In this study, our aim is to detect the typical and overall schedule delay risk throughout the construction project lifecycle, which consists of the pre-construction, construction, and post-construction stages, and compare the stages with each other. Common criteria, sub-criteria, and attributes were developed for all alternatives for the purpose of making a risk decision. The methodology that was followed integrated the multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process comprehensive evaluation (FAHPCE) and the relative important index (RII). Data were collected from 77 participants, who were selected through purposive sampling from different contracting organizations in Ethiopian construction projects by means of questionnaires that were distributed to experienced experts. The findings showed that there is a typical delay risk either in the type or in the level of the different construction activities. Consequently, the most influenced alternative is the construction stage because of the high-risk responsibility, resource, and contract condition related criteria. The post-construction stage was the second most influenced stage because of the high-risk responsibility-related criteria. The pre-constructed stage was the least influenced stage that consist high-risk criteria of responsibility, resource, and contract condition related. These differences provided noteworthy information about risk mitigation in construction projects by identifying the exact risk level on specific activity to make appropriate decision.

关键词： fuzzy analytic hierarchy process comprehensive evaluation construction project detection of delay risk relative important index

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Optimization and simultaneous heat integration design of a coal-based ethylene glycol refining process

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期页码 1280-1288 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2301-4

摘要： Coal to ethylene glycol still lacks algorithm optimization achievements for distillation sequencing due to high-dimension and strong nonconvexity characteristics, although there are numerous reports on horizontal comparisons and process revamping. This scenario triggers the navigation in this paper into the simultaneous optimization of parameters and heat integration of the coal to ethylene glycol distillation scheme and double-effect superstructure by the self-adapting dynamic differential evolution algorithm. To mitigate the influence of the strong nonconvexity, a redistribution strategy is adopted that forcibly expands the population search domain by exerting external influence and then shrinks it again to judge the global optimal solution. After two redistributive operations under the parallel framework, the total annual cost and CO₂ emissions are 0.61%/1.85% better for the optimized process and 3.74%/14.84% better for the superstructure than the sequential optimization. However, the thermodynamic efficiency of sequential optimization is 11.63% and 10.34% higher than that of simultaneous optimization. This study discloses the unexpected great energy-saving potential for the coal to ethylene glycol process that has long been unknown, as well as the strong ability of the self-adapting dynamic differential evolution algorithm to optimize processes described by the high-dimensional mathematical model.

关键词： ethylene glycol redistribution heat integration optimization parallel framework

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迈向21世纪的炼油技术

侯芙生

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第3期页码 22-30

摘要：

21世纪石油仍将是主要能源，炼油技术将进一步发展。降低汽车排放污染的清洁汽油生产技术，低硫低芳清洁柴油生产技术，加氢法润滑油基础油生产技术，加氢裂化和催化裂化重质油转化技术，渣油加工和能量综合利用技术，炼油厂现代化信息技术和过程控制技术等，将成为迈向21世纪有发展前途的炼油技术。

关键词：炼油技术清洁燃料重油转化渣油加工过程控制

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跨入新世纪对我国炼油工业发展的思考

吕家欢,王欣红

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第4期页码 8-11

摘要：

我国炼油工业经过50年的发展已具备一定基础，1999年底原油加工能力已达250Mt，居世界第四位。跨世纪进一步发展，首先要解决好国内外两种原油资源的统筹利用，特别是进口原油所涉及的加工、储备、运输及资源安全等一系列问题。同时要从降低原油成本、提高开工负荷率、降低能耗物耗、延长开工周期、降低加工费用、提高产品质量、满足环保要求等方面全面提高与进口石油产品的竞争能力，应对加入WTO的挑战。

关键词：新世纪炼油工业发展

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基于4D CAD的大型桥梁施工进度系统仿真研究

张正峰,付金强,吴康新,张发瑜

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第1期页码 63-66

摘要：

随着桥梁建设的发展，传统横道图与网络图已成为施工管理水平提高的制约因素。将面向对象的复杂工程系统仿真方法与CAD数字建模方法相结合，将桥梁的3D整体模型和施工进度相链接，提出了基于4D CAD的桥梁施工系统仿真思想，使施工过程的动态可视化与直观分析优化后的施工进度成为可能。以Visual C++作为仿真平台，设计编制了桥梁施工4D CAD可视化仿真软件。研究成果在某斜拉桥工程施工组织设计中得到成功应用，验证了基于4D CAD的大型桥梁可视化仿真方法在斜拉桥施工进度分析与优化方面的实用性和优越性。

关键词：施工进度系统仿真 4D CAD 斜拉桥

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Removal of multicomponent VOCs in off-gases from an oil refining wastewater treatment plant by a compost-based

Dan WU, Chunyan ZHANG, Li HAO, Changjun GENG, Xie QUAN,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 483-491 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0144-y

摘要： Waste gases from oil refining wastewater treatment plants are often characterized by the presence of multicomponent and various concentrations of compounds. An evaluation of the performance and feasibility of removing multicomponent volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in off-gases from oil refining wastewater treatment plants was conducted in a pilot-scale compost-based biofilter system. This system consists of two identical biofilters packed with compost and polyethylene (PE). This paper investigates the effects of various concentrations of nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) and empty bed residence time (EBRT) on the removal efficiency of NMHC. Based on the experimental results and practical applications, an EBRT of 66 s was applied to the biofilter system. The removal efficiencies of NMHC were within the range of 47%―100%. At an EBRT of 66 s, the average removal efficiency of benzene, toluene, and xylene were more than 99%, 99%, and 100%, respectively. The results demonstrated that multicomponent VOCs in off-gases from the oil refining wastewater treatment plant could be successfully removed in the biofilter system, which may provide useful information concerning the design criteria and operation of full-scale biofilters.

关键词： biodegradation volatile organic compounds (VOCs) biofiltration biofilter

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我国与“一带一路”沿线国家炼化产业合作研究

曹湘洪,袁晴棠,邹劲松

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第4期页码 27-32 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.04.008

摘要：

本文从“一带一路”沿线国家的市场需求切入，在立足于我国炼化产业供应能力的基础上，研究了双方合作前景，提出了我国与“一带一路”沿线国家在资源、市场等方面的合作机遇。综合分析了资源、市场、支持政策和投资环境，采用层次分析法，分别遴选出了我国与“一带一路”沿线国家进行炼化投资、技术贸易、工程服务及装备出口的重点合作对象及重点任务；提出了全产业链协同推进、加大宣传推介、标准接轨、财政税收支持以及风险控制等政策建议。

关键词： “一带一路” 炼油产业石油化工产业合作

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基于工期可控性的网络进度计划仿真评价方法研究

潘菲菲,王仁超,曹永雷

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第1期页码 143-150

摘要：

针对工程建设过程中常常通过资源重新配置或提高资源利用率来应对风险事件可能引起工期延迟的问题，提出了基于工期可控性的网络进度计划随机仿真评价方法，以资源配置和利用裕度作为活动的可控性衡量指标，同时考虑了风险事件发生时间不同导致的风险应对措施的可实施性不同的问题，通过对各个风险事件发生时间及其引起的活动持续时间延误、风险应对效果等进行随机仿真，从而对整个项目的工期分布进行模拟，评价编制的网络进度计划的合理性。算例表明：相对于传统的基于工期和基于因素的Monte-Carlo仿真评价方法，基于工期可控性的仿真评价方法得到的结果更为合理。

关键词：网络进度计划；随机仿真；风险应对；工期可控性；评价

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标题作者时间类型操作

Schedule refinement for homogeneousmulti-core processors in the presence of manufacturing-caused heterogeneity

Zhi-xiang CHEN,Zhao-lin LI,Shan CAO,Fang WANG,Jie ZHOU

期刊论文

Mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts for oil refining and natural gas conversion

Jie ZHU, Xiangju MENG, Fengshou XIAO

期刊论文

LSSVM-based approach for refining soil failure criteria and calculating safety factor of slopes

Shiguo XIAO; Shaohong LI

期刊论文